chemical mutagen वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- These double-strand breaks can be caused by radiation, as well as chemical mutagens.
- Many chemical mutagens require "'biological activation "'to become mutagenic.
- "Mardi also uses induced mutation with physical and chemical mutagens as we did for pisang rastali and pisang berangan, " says Siti Hawa.
- The starting gene can be mutagenised by random point mutations ( by chemical mutagens or error prone PCR ) and proportion of functional variants it contains.
- Initially, the ability of radiation and chemical mutagens to cause mutation was exploited to generate random mutations, but later techniques were developed to introduce specific mutations.
- Chemical mutagens were not demonstrated to cause mutation until the 1940s, when Charlotte Auerbach and J . M . Robson found that mustard gas can cause mutations in fruit flies.
- A large number of chemical mutagens have since been identified, especially after the development of the Ames test in the 1970s by Bruce Ames that screens for mutagens and allows for preliminary identification of carcinogens.
- The method combines a standard and efficient technique of mutagenesis using a chemical mutagen such as ethyl methanesulfonate ( EMS ) with a sensitive DNA screening-technique that identifies single base mutations ( also called point mutations ) in a target gene.
- Cigarette smoke acts as a chemical mutagen on germ cell DNA . The germ cells suffer oxidative damage, and the effects can be seen in altered mRNA production, infertility issues, and side effects in the embryonic and fetal stages of development.
- Another technique that can be used is TILLING . This is a method that combines a standard and efficient technique of mutagenesis with a chemical mutagen such as ethyl methanesulfonate ( EMS ) with a sensitive DNA-screening technique that identifies point mutations in a target gene.
- Pfizer, in a prepared statement released after repeated calls from the Globe, had this to say about the mouse study : " It is not known whether these results are applicable to humans, since pregabalin is not a chemical mutagen and not genotoxic in pre-clinical studies.
- One interesting result from the Ames test is that the dose response curve using varying concentrations of chemical is almost always linear, However some proposed that organisms can tolerate low level of mutagens due to protective mechanisms such as DNA repair, and threshold may exist for certain chemical mutagens.
- In addition to studying the effect of radiation for SLT, Russell et al . were also interested in studying the effect of chemical mutagens such as procarbazine and ethylnitrosourea for SLT . At that time, procarbazine was the most potent chemical mutagen known to cause a significant spermatogonial mutagenesis in an SLT, although at a rate one-third of that of X-rays.
- In addition to studying the effect of radiation for SLT, Russell et al . were also interested in studying the effect of chemical mutagens such as procarbazine and ethylnitrosourea for SLT . At that time, procarbazine was the most potent chemical mutagen known to cause a significant spermatogonial mutagenesis in an SLT, although at a rate one-third of that of X-rays.
- In fact regulatory requirements mean most GM food receive far more testing for health effects then foods produced via other techniques e . g . modern plant breeding ( which nowadays often includes a large variety of things like chemical mutagens and radiation, modern plant breeding is definitely quite different from what we've been doing for thousands of years, unlike what some people seem to think ).
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